Which assumption states that financial transactions are distinct from personal transactions?

The Economic Entity Assumption is fundamental in accounting as it establishes that the financial transactions of a business must be kept separate from the personal financial transactions of its owners or any other related parties. This distinction is crucial because it ensures that the business’s financial statements reflect only the transactions that pertain to the business itself, thus providing clearer insights into its financial performance and position.

By adhering to this assumption, businesses can maintain precise records, prepare accurate financial statements, and ensure compliance with accounting standards that promote transparency and consistency. It allows stakeholders, including investors, creditors, and management, to assess the business's health without confusion stemming from the owner's personal finances.

While the Going-Concern Assumption relates to the expectation that a business will continue to operate for the foreseeable future, the Monetary Unit Assumption focuses on measuring economic activities in a consistent currency, and the Time Period Assumption divides financial reports into specific time frames for easier analysis, none of these factors address the separation of personal and business transactions the way the Economic Entity Assumption does.